The NAS publishes a study reporting that despite uncertainties, greenhouse warming poses a potential

In over 170 years, greenhouse gases, global warming and climate change by scientists engaged in research on topics such as, 130,000 more refereed scientific papers were published.

American National Academy of Sciences (NAS) , despite the uncertainties , the greenhouse effect is a potential threat , indicating that released a report and held in Rio United Nations Environment and Development Conference prepared at the end , " women , youth , indigenous people and their communities , ecosystems , human health and integrity , harmony with nature , healthy and creative life, the right to protection and improvement; oppression and persecution , war and human health or environmental hazard events , people's living standards inequalities in the stand up to the production and consumption of unsustainable patterns to reduce and eliminate the pollutant damage caused to meet ; development and environmental protection an indivisible bond that achieving peace ; environmental degradation issues to better resolve , in all countries, economic growth and sustainable development will lead to a supportive and open international economic system collaboration for " incorporating the principles of a declaration by 50 countries signed in 1994 entered into force. (19) Following the annual meeting of the Parties to the contract , ie, the Conference of the Parties (Conference of the Parties - COP) held in Berlin, where the first (COP 1) was considered
1995 issued the IPCC second progress report, " Industrial Revolution with the onset of atmospheric temperature also started to increase , particularly in the 1950s from the continuous increases and this situation in the industrialized countries using fossil fuels into the atmosphere that they release CO2 , mainly greenhouse gases is responsible " emphasis was performed ( 6). 1 18 years after the climate conference , held in Kyoto in 1997 3 Conference of the Parties (COP 3) country representatives, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions agreed on a binding protocol . Thus, covering the years 2008-2012 on carbon emissions and reduce carbon emissions to 37 countries (!) That the obligation to " Compulsory market " tripped.
Protocol , "Greenhouse gas emissions primarily responsible and which Annex 1 signatory countries classified under the heading of developed countries each , 2008-2012 commitment period into the air by human activities release CO2 equivalent greenhouse gas emissions of 1990 levels at least about 5.2% below and drop up to 2005 demonstrable progress in achieving its commitments under the Protocol to record ;
Annex 1 emissions limitation and reduction commitments of the parties to fulfill :
The negative effects of climate change , and its effects on international trade in developing countries , social, environmental and economic impacts , including all efforts to minimize negative effects to show ;
Businesses to increase energy efficiency ;
Protection of sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases and their development ;
Afforestation and reforestation , sustainable agriculture at the types of incentives ;
Eco-friendly, renewable forms of energy development and use of technology by encouraging the use of the CO2 holder ;
Especially in developing countries , environmental issues important technology to transfer this technology and transportation to support the private sector for media creation , if deemed appropriate , their transfer or their achievement promotion, provision and financing of the Annex- 1 on the one hand, any economy, industry sources reducing emissions from human origin or to move away by the collapse of greenhouse gases resulting from projects aimed at emission reduction units , or any other party to give to ... be able to get from one side ;
One party , the other has received from any emission reduction units or agreed amount of a portion of the receiving end specified amount for adding on the one hand to the other, given no emission reduction unit or the agreed amount part , which sides from the predetermined amount to deduct the one hand a further received from parties of certified emission reductions for the parties to be included in the agreed amount ;
Annex I emissions of either party in a commitment period are below the assigned amount , offset , at the request of that party , in the next commitment period to be added to the assigned amount for that Party ...;
Commitments for the use of afforestation and reforestation in order to meet ...
A country found in greenhouse gas emissions over the commitment period , the second commitment period up this gap reduction and a 30% reduction in addition to performing ...;
Publicly owned or publicly available environmentally sound technologies effectively on the transfer of policies and programs established and environmentally sensitive technology transfer promotion, development and increase access to the private sector according to media creation ...;
Parties to fulfill their commitments may participate in emissions trading , Annex I parties are not included in the approved ... able to participate in emissions trading ;
Conference of the Parties , particularly regarding emissions trading validation, reporting and obligations concerning the principles, procedures , rules and regulations that define ...;
In matters within their competence , regional economic integration organizations, which are party to this protocol, equal to the number of its members would be entitled to vote on ...;
Three years after entry into force of the Protocol after the relevant party can be taken ... "(20) was agreed. 166 countries and the European Union protocol "yes," he said. U.S. and Australia refused. With the participation of Russia in 2004, the protocol entered into force in 2005 . Up to this day , only the U.S. protocol technology from developed countries was not signed .
These developments , while the fight against global warming continues to increase counter- attacks were also a variety of ways . In 1995 ( SEPP ) and the European Academy of Environmental Affairs (European Academy for Environmental Affairs ) at the end of the symposium co-sponsored by the Leipzig Declaration on Global Climate Change was published. 79 scientists and some TV channels signed by the declaration , " CO2 in the atmosphere increases global warming caused scientists in of consensus , whether satellite temperature measurements also statistically significant warming does not verify the economic growth that is essential for energy main source of global fossil that fuels " was emphasized. ( 21.22 )
In 1998, ExxonMobil assisted Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine ( OISM ) and George C. Marshall Institute's " Oregon Petition " was written and United States National Academy of Sciences (NAS) Former President Frederick Seitz 's (*) with a letter article was published (23, 24 ) end of the article : " Carbon dioxide , methane and other small production of greenhouse gases to limit there is no reason ... industrial activities due to the atmosphere more CO2 to come out , people's health, longevity , prosperity and efficiency, conservation and development will help . CO2, plant growth rate accelerates . It also allows the growth of plants in dry regions . Depending on plant and animal life also develops. We increased the diversity of plants and animals , as a result of the increase in CO2 of plants and animals are living in an increasingly lush environment . Our children with much more plant and animal life on earth will enjoy . This is an unexpected gift from the Industrial Revolution and great ... "they said.

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