Neanderthal genes protect against the cold

Whether hot or cold, much or little sun - the human body knows how to adapt his environment. The reason for this ability is found in the depths of the genome. However, there also lurk genes with negative characteristics.

Genes of Neanderthals have the ancestors of modern humans probably helped to adapt to the cooler environment outside Africa . Neanderthal genome is particularly present in today's Europeans and East Asians at locations where growth and refinement of skin and hair are regulated . This is the result the same two studies , U.S. researchers in the scientific journals published in "Nature " and " Science" published .

Both studies rely on data from the 1000 Genome Project , in each case the complete genome has been deciphered for the living of people today . Sriram Sankararaman from Harvard Medical School in Boston and colleagues found the Neanderthal genome at locations that influence the formation of the protein keratin, which is important for skin and hair, as they report in "Nature" .

Benjamin and Joshua M. Akey Vernot of the University of Washington in Seattle write in "Science" that a gene that the coloring of hair and skin regulates, among other things , in Europeans to 70 percent in the Neanderthal variant is present , while in this East Asians is not to be found . This could explain some of the outward differences between groups of people.

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